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现代主义文学通常是指产生于19世纪末,衰落于20世纪中叶的一种文学思潮,包括象征主义、未来主义、意象派、表现主义、意识流小说和超现实主义等文学流派和文学现象。对西方文学传统烦的彻底颠覆是现代主义文学最为显著的特点。现代主义文学公认的开山鼻祖是塞万提斯的《堂吉诃德》和福楼拜的《情感教育》。而奥地利作家弗兰茨·卡夫卡,法国作家马塞尔·普鲁斯特,爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯则并称为西方现代主义文学的先驱和大师。
Modernist literature generally refers to a literary trend of thoughts originated in the late 19th century and declined in the middle of the 20th century. It includes literary schools and literary phenomena such as symbolism, futurism, imagery, expressionism, stream of consciousness novels and surrealism. The complete subversion of traditional western literature is the most prominent feature of modernist literature. Recognized by modernist literature is the originator of Cervantes’s “Don Quixote” and Flaubert’s “emotional education.” Austrian writer Franz Kafka, French writer Marcel Proust, and Irish author James Joyce are also known as pioneers and masters of Western modernist literature.