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航空母舰是当今最具综合战斗力的海上平台,拥有强大的作战能力。在世界海军拥有航母的国家中,航母都是其海军核心。而对航母来说,舰载战斗机是其攻击铁拳,正是依靠舰载战斗机的强大作战能力,航母编队才能在广袤的海洋上纵横驰骋。舰载战斗机伴随航空母舰而产生、发展、日新月异,是航空母舰超级战斗力的最重要体现。尽管航母看起来威风凛凛,但它却一直被人们视为世界上最危险的工作场所之一,舰载战斗机飞行员则因此被称为在从事世界上最危险的工作。对航母舰载机飞行员来讲,弹射起飞并不难。因为弹射器的压力调整、弹射等几乎所有的操作都由飞行甲板上的弹射器小组来负责进行,安全性很高。对舰载机飞行员的真正考验是着舰,大多数舰载机飞行员一提着舰就头皮发麻。为什么会这样呢?因为从空中看,航母就像漂浮在汪洋大海上的一片树叶,着舰时飞行员需要从很远处发现航母,确认着舰装置的状态,并与其他着舰机相互进行飞行状态的沟通。随着航母的航行而时刻变动的飞行航线、不断摇晃的着舰甲板……这些都使得飞机的着舰难度远大于安稳的陆地着陆。对飞行员来讲,在一望无际的大海中进行着舰是一个沉重的压力。国外飞行员中流传的一句话“Every takeoff is optional,Every landing ismandatory”(每次起飞都是自愿性的,而每次降落都是强迫性的)就很形象地说明了这个问题。为了保证飞机在航母上安全降落,人们不断改进航空母舰的构造,先后出现了全通飞行甲板、岛状上层建筑、三层甲板设计、全封闭式舰首和一体化的岛式上层建筑。进入20世纪50年代后,喷气式舰载机逐渐取代活塞式舰载机,其很高的速度使着舰变得更加困难。为此,英国海军上校卡梅尔提出了斜角甲板设想,试验证明有许多优点,在很大程度上解决了舰载机起飞和降落的矛盾,遂成为现代航母的标准甲板样式。
Aircraft carrier is the most comprehensive combat effectiveness of today’s sea platform, has a strong combat capability. Among the countries in the world naval aircraft carrier, the aircraft carrier is the core of its navy. The aircraft carrier, the carrier fighter is its attack Tekken, it is relying on the powerful combat capability of carrier-based fighter aircraft carrier formation in order to ride in the vast ocean. Ship-borne fighter aircraft with the aircraft carrier produced, development, with each passing day, is the most important manifestation of the super carrier combat aircraft carrier. Although the aircraft carrier looks majestic, it has always been regarded as one of the world’s most dangerous workplaces and shipboard fighter pilots are thus said to be working in the world’s most dangerous jobs. For carrier-based pilots, catapult take-off is not difficult. Almost all of the operations, such as the pressure adjustment of catapult, catapult and the like, are carried out by the catapult team on the flight deck, which is very safe. The real test of pilot-borne aircraft pilots is landing, most carrier pilots mention the scalp tingling. Why does this happen? Because from the air, the aircraft carrier is like a leaf floating in the open ocean and the pilot needs to find the aircraft carrier from a long distance, confirm the status of the ship and fly with other ships State of communication. With the carrier’s voyage and the ever-changing flight route, constantly shaking the deck of the ship ... ... These make the aircraft’s landing much harder than a steady land landing. For the pilots, landing in the endless sea is a heavy pressure. The popular phrase “Every takeoff is optional, Every landing ismandatory” (which is voluntarily taken off each time and each landing is compulsive) is a very vivid illustration of this issue. In order to ensure the aircraft landed safely on the aircraft carrier, people constantly improve the structure of the aircraft carrier. There are successively all-flight flight deck, island superstructure, three deck design, fully enclosed bow and integrated island superstructure. Into the 20th century, 50 years later, the jet-based aircraft gradually replace the piston carrier aircraft, its high speed makes the landing more difficult. To this end, the British naval commander Carmel proposed beveled deck idea, the test proved to have many advantages, to a large extent, solve the contradiction between carrier aircraft take-off and landing, became the modern aircraft carrier’s standard deck style.