突变是遗传物质变化引起形态上、生理上可遗传的变异。在一定条件下,突变对于生物会造成不同形式、不同程度的损害。就人类而言,许多严重的疾病如肿瘤、胎儿缺血、某些退行性病变、血管性疾病以及衰老的发展都与突变作用有关。突变可以是自发的,也可以是诱发的。对于诱发突变的物质,我们称之为诱变物或称诱变剂。 随着工农业特别是有效工业的高速发展,有毒气体、粉尘的排放,农药、食品饮料添加剂的大量应用以及食用泡、罨、熏烤食品,嗜烟、酗酒等诸多因素,使抗毒诱变剂广布于人类赖以生存的大气环境和日用品 Mutations are morphologically and physiologically heritable variations caused by changes in genetic material. Under certain conditions, mutations can cause different forms of damage to organisms. In humans, many serious diseases such as tumors, fetal ischemia, certain degenerative diseases, vascular diseases, and the development of aging are all related to mutations. Mutations can be spontaneous or evoked. For substances that induce mutations, we call them mutagens or mutagens. With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, especially effective industries, toxic gas, dust emissions, a large number of pesticides, food and beverage additives and edible foam, wolfberry, smoked food, smoking, alcohol and many other factors, so that anti-mutagenic agents Widely spread on the atmosphere and daily necessities