唐宋以降,随着均田制的瓦解和两税法的实施,国有土地所有制向私有制转化的趋势明显加快,土地制度的变革促生了一支新兴社会力量——富民阶层的出现。历宋、元直至明代,由于土地私有制的进一步成熟和完善,该阶层已逐渐成为基层社会的主导力量。明代江南地区农业经济发达,商品经济也呈现出勃兴的势头。因此,构成的多元化成为明季江南富民阶层较为明显的特征。这一阶层在自身的发展过程中不仅促进了地方的经济发展,而且也逐渐成为地方社会政治力量的代言人。可以说,在某种意义上富民阶层的崛起和发展改变着中国传统社会固有的基层控制格局。他们的发展壮大影响着中国传统乡村社会的发展进程。富民阶层成为基层社会控制的主导力量,不是历史的偶然,而是社会政治变革和经济关系演进的结果。 With the collapse of the equal land system and the implementation of the two tax laws, the trend of transforming state-owned land ownership into private ownership has accelerated noticeably. The reform of the land system has given birth to an emerging social force, the emergence of the proletariat. Since the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty until the Ming Dynasty, due to the further maturation and perfection of the private ownership of land, the class has gradually become the dominant force in the grassroots society. In the Ming Dynasty, the agricultural economy in the Jiangnan area was developed and the commodity economy also showed a flourishing momentum. Therefore, the composition of the pluralism has become more obvious characteristics of the southern quarter of the rich people in the Ming Dynasty. In its own development, this class not only promoted the local economic development, but also gradually became the spokesman for the local social and political forces. It can be said that the rise and development of the pro-rich people in a certain sense has changed the inherent pattern of grass-roots control in traditional Chinese society. Their development and growth have an impact on the development of traditional Chinese rural society. It is not the accident of history that the rich people have become the dominant force in the control of grass-roots society, but the result of social-political changes and the evolution of economic relations.