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目的 比较不同种类乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。方法 1994～1999年间,应用7批国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗,4批国产重组CHO乙肝疫苗,以及美国MSD公司(Recombivax-HB),Amgen公司和比利时Smith Kline Beecham公司(Engeris B)生产的重组酵母乙肝疫苗各一批,按0、1和6个月免疫程序免疫614名新生儿,其中416名新生儿母亲为HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性,81名新生儿母亲为HBsAg阳性HBeAg阴性,117名新生儿母亲HBV感染指标阴性。结果在1年的观察期间中,178名免疫国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗的新生儿有22名HBsAg持续阳性,母婴传播阻断率在80.56％～92.59％之间,显著高于国产重组CHO乙肝疫苗(75.43％);3批国外酵母疫苗的阻断率分别为90.33％、86.59％和92.59％。未见抗体GMT和母婴传播阻断率间有相关关系。酵母疫苗高的传播阻断率可能与其诱导细胞免疫较早有关。结论 国产酵母乙肝疫苗的母婴传播阻断保护率达到国外同类疫苗水平。
Objective To compare the immune effects of different types of hepatitis B vaccine. Methods Between 1994 and 1999, seven batches of recombinant yeast Hepatitis B vaccine, four batches of recombinant CHO hepatitis B vaccine and recombinant yeast Hepatitis B virus produced by Recombivax-HB, Amgen and Belgium Engeris B were used. A total of 614 newborns were immunized with 0, 1, and 6 months of immunization programs, including 416 newborns with HBsAg and HBeAg positive, 81 with HBsAg-positive HBeAg, and 117 with newborns HBV infection was negative. Results During the one-year observation period, there were 22 HBsAg positive neonates with 178 immunized domestic recombinant yeast hepatitis B vaccines and the mother-to-infant transmission rate was between 80.56% and 92.59%, significantly higher than that of the domestic recombinant CHO hepatitis B vaccine (75.43%). The blocking rates of three batches of foreign yeast vaccines were 90.33%, 86.59% and 92.59% respectively. There was no correlation between GMT and mother-to-child transmission interruption rate. The high rate of yeast vaccine blockage may be related to its early induction of cellular immunity. Conclusion The isolation rate of mother-to-child transmission of domestic yeast hepatitis B vaccine reached the level of similar foreign vaccines.