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东汉末年,群雄并立,曹操专权。汉献帝实为傀儡,不能主持朝政。其时献帝身边秘书监、侍中荀悦撰写《申鉴》五篇,献给皇帝。尽管荀悦身为献帝近臣,但献帝尚且不能自保,荀悦的《申鉴》最终也只能成为文人的空论,难被采用。再者,史家评价荀悦的《申鉴》,虽说“立论精切,关于国家兴亡之大致”,胜过曹操的谋士荀或和荀攸,但其“揣摩天下之势,应敌设变,以制一时之胜”,却“未必能也”。因此,苟悦在学问上虽得其祖上的真传,但其才终不足以用世,这不能不说是一大遗憾。 北宋史学家司马光慧眼识珠,在其编修的《资治通鉴》中,把荀悦摆上了适当位置,并撮《申鉴》精要,加以罗列,以用当朝。
The Eastern Han Dynasty, the heroes, Cao Cao exclusive rights. Han Xian Di is a puppet, can not preside over the government. In the meantime, the secretary of the Party of Emperor Xiangyu was commissioned to write the five books of “Shen Jian” in Xun Yue’s paternity, dedicated to the emperor. Although Xun Yue as a minister of the emperor, but Xian Di still can not protect themselves, Xun Yue ’s “endorsement” can only eventually become empty talk of the literati, it is difficult to be adopted. Moreover, historians appraise Xun Yue’s “application for reference.” Although “making a sharp argument about the rise and fall of a nation” is better than that of Cao Cao’s adviser Xun Xun and You Yau, Moment of victory “, but” may not be able to. “ Therefore, Gou Yue has learned the truth of his ancestors, but it was not enough to survive. This can not but be a pity. The Northern Song Dynasty historian Sima Guanghui saw the beads and put Xun Yue on the proper place in his edited ”Mirror of the Sui Dynasty“ and summed up the essence of ”Demonstration" to list them for the dynasty.