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为合理开发利用黑河流域的水资源、缓解中下游生态环境的持续恶化,国家从2000年在黑河流域实施分水政策。本文以黑河流域中游地区为对象,将该区域夏秋季的LandsatETM/TM数据作为信息源,采用人机交互方式目视解译获取了该地区1990、2000和2005年3期土地利用/覆盖数据;对3期数据进行动态编辑后,得到了全区的各土地利用/覆盖类型面积变化的状况;对比分析了分水前后林地和草地面积的变化。结果表明:林地面积从分水前的微弱增长转变为负增长,草地在持续退化,但在分水后退化速度有所减慢。该结果充分体现了分水这一政策的实施对研究区土地利用/覆被变化的影响。
In order to rationally develop and utilize water resources in the Heihe River Basin and ease the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment in the middle and lower reaches, the state implemented a water-diversion policy in the Heihe River Basin in 2000. This paper takes Landsat ETM / TM data of summer and autumn in the region as the information source, and obtains the land use / cover data of 1990, 2000 and 2005 in the region by visual interpretation using human-computer interaction. After the dynamic editing of stage 3 data, the area change of each land use / cover type in the whole region was obtained; and the change of forest land and grassland area before and after water diversion was analyzed. The results showed that the area of forestland changed from a slight increase before water diversion to a negative growth, and the grassland continued to degrade, but the degradation rate slowed down after water diversion. This result fully reflects the effect of the policy of water diversion on the land use / cover change in the study area.