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基尔霍夫叠前深度偏移被广泛用于把地表地震数据转换为一种地下的图像。该算法是基于一种简单的设想:地下的一个散射点会散射地震能量,在记录数据中产生一种可检测信号。记录的同相轴的时标和时差将取决于散射点的地下位置。 为了确定在地下某一位置上是否有一散射点,扫描数据并且检查此处是否有相应同相轴。基尔霍夫成像是通过对全部沿预测同相轴取样的记录数据求和来完成这种检查的。如果同相轴在预测位置上,数据采样值将进行累计。由于地下的一个反射层能够被认为是一种绕射点的集合,通过闭合地下点的网格,并且检查每个点,我们就能够建立一个地下图像。
Kirchhoff prestack depth migration is widely used to transform surface seismic data into a subsurface image. The algorithm is based on a simple assumption that a scattering point in the ground will scatter the seismic energy and produce a detectable signal in the recorded data. The recorded time-of-day and time-of-flight of the events will depend on the subsurface location of the scattering point. To determine if there is a scatter point somewhere in the ground, scan the data and check if there is a corresponding phase axis there. Kirchhoff imaging accomplishes this by summing all the recorded data sampled along the predicted events. If the events are at the predicted position, the data samples will be accumulated. Since a reflective subterranean reflector can be thought of as a collection of diffraction spots, we can create a subsurface image by closing the grid of underground points and examining each point.