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目的了解佛山市南海区中小学生乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的感染情况。方法对2004—2009年的76所中、小学一年级学生的HBsAg检测结果进行统计分析。结果 HBsAg阳性检出率,高年级学生比低年级学生高;小学一年级学生2009年与其他各年度的HBsAg阳性检出率差异有统计学意义,2006年分别与2007、2008年度差异有统计学意义外,其余各年度比较差异均无统计学意义,初中一年级和高中一年级组学生的HBsAg阳性检出率呈逐年下降趋势;对初中一年级组学生HBsAg阳性检出率进行年度的两两比较,除了2006年与2007年度差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.97,P>0.05),2008年与2009年度差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.39,P>0.05)外,其余各年度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),高中一年级组学生各年度差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 790.21,P<0.01)。小学一年级组HBsAg阳性检出率男女生差异无统计学意义,初、高中一年组男生检出率高于女生。结论接种乙肝疫苗、开展健康教育,培养良好卫生习惯对预防乙肝具有重要意义。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among primary and secondary school students in Nanhai district of Foshan City. Methods The HBsAg test results of 76 first and second grade primary school students in 2004-2009 were statistically analyzed. Results The positive rate of HBsAg was higher in senior high school students than that in lower grade students. There was a significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAg between primary freshmen in 2009 and other years. The difference between HBsAg positive rate in 2007 and 2008 was statistically significant Significance, the rest of the year was no significant difference, HBsAg positive detection rate of students in the first grade and the first year of junior high school students showed a downward trend year by year; HBsAg positive detection rate of students in the first grade of junior high school for two years (Χ2 = 0.97, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between 2008 and 2009 (χ2 = 0.39, P> 0.05), except for the difference between 2006 and 2007 Statistical significance (P <0.01), the first year of high school students in each year difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 1 790.21, P <0.01). The positive rate of HBsAg in the first grade of primary school was no statistically significant difference between boys and girls, primary and high school boys in one year detection rate was higher than girls. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination, health education, and training of good health habits are of great significance in the prevention of hepatitis B.