国有企业改革是～个常说常新的热门话题。人所共知，在市场竞争中，国有企业一不如“老乡”（乡镇企业），二不如“老外”（三资企业）灵活之处，首先是“包袱重”。一是债务重，企业负债率居高不下，一般在百分之七八十，不少企业资不低债，靠银行“政策性贷款”打发日子。二 The reform of state-owned enterprises is a hot topic that often says Chang Xin. As everyone knows, in the market competition, the state-owned enterprises are inferior to the “township” (village and township enterprises), and the second is not as good as the flexibility of the “foreigners” (foreign-funded enterprises). First, the debt is heavy. The debt ratio of enterprises is still high, usually at 78%. Many companies do not have low debts and rely on banks for “policy loans.” two