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美国人工智能专家Rumelhart(1977)把图式解释为以等级层次形式储存于长期记忆中的一组“相互作用的知识结构”,或“构成认知能力的建筑砌块”。 人们头脑中存在着各种各样的图式。人们在认识新事物时,总是将其与已知的事物联系在一起,对新事物的理解往往受头脑中已存在的图式的支配。各人根据自己的经历不断地补充和更新这些图式。当图式与输入的新信息达到统一时,理解就容易了;若头脑中缺乏某种与新信
Artificial intelligence expert Rumelhart (1977) interprets the schema as a set of “interacting knowledge structures” or “cognitive building blocks” stored in long-term memory at a hierarchical level. There are a variety of schemas in people’s minds. When people recognize something new, they always associate it with things they already know. The understanding of something new is often governed by what is already in the mind. Based on their own experience, each person constantly replenishes and updates these schemas. When the schema and the new information entered reach unity, it is easy to understand; if the mind lacks some kind of new message