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【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)男生的行为、家庭环境的特征及两者的相关性。【方法】应用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)(家长用),家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)对65例ADHD男生及43名正常男生进行评定并对其结果进行对比和相关性分析。【结果】1)行为评分中,ADHD组抑郁、交往不良、强迫性、体诉、社交退缩、多动、攻击性、违纪得分均高于正常组(P<0.05);2)家庭环境评分中,ADHD组的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教、组织性得分都低于正常组(P<0.05),矛盾性、独立性得分高于正常组(P<0.05);3)ADHD男生家庭环境与行为问题的相关性分析中亲密度与抑郁、强迫性、多动、攻击性、违纪及行为总分呈负相关;道德宗教与分裂性、抑郁、交往不良、强迫性及行为总分呈负相关;组织性与分裂性、抑郁及行为总分成负相关;矛盾性与分裂性、抑郁、强迫性、社交退缩、多动、攻击性及行为总分呈正相关;4)ADHD男生家庭环境中矛盾性、道德宗教是影响其行为发生的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】ADHD男生行为及家庭环境均存在一定问题,家庭环境在一定程度上影响着行为问题的发生,应引起社会的广泛关注,及早采取干预措施。
【Objective】 To investigate the behavior of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the characteristics of family environment and their correlation. 【Methods】 65 children with ADHD and 43 normal boys were evaluated by Achenbach Children’s Behavior Scale (for parents) and Family Environment Scale Chinese (FES-CV), and the results were compared and analyzed . 【Results】 1) In ADHD group, depression, poor communication, obsessive-compulsive disorder, body complaint, social withdrawal, hyperactivity, aggressiveness and violation discipline were all higher than those in normal group (P <0.05); 2) (P0.05), and the scores of contradictory and independence in ADHD group were higher than those in normal group (P <0.05) .3 The intimacy, emotional expression, knowledge, entertaining, morality and religion in organized ADHD group were lower than those in normal group ) Correlation analysis of family environment and behavior problems in boys with ADHD showed that there was a negative correlation between intimacy and depression, obsessive compulsiveness, hyperactivity, offensiveness, discipline and behavioral total score; morality and religion were negatively correlated with schizophrenia, depression, poor communication, Negatively correlated with the total scores of behavior; organizational and divisive, depression and total score negatively correlated; contradiction and disintegration, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social withdrawal, hyperactivity, aggressiveness and total score was positively correlated; Conflict and morality and religion in boys’ family environment are the main risk factors affecting their behavior (P <0.05). 【Conclusion】 The behavior and family environment of boys with ADHD have some problems. The family environment affects the behavior problem to a certain extent, which should cause widespread concern in society and take early intervention.