卫星侦察是航天技术应用最早、发展最快的一个军事科技领域。美国和前苏联/俄罗斯30多年的实践证明,它是获取战略情报的主要手段,是武器系统的重要组成部分。进入90年代以来,随着世界格局的急剧变化,美、俄更加重视卫星侦察技术水平的提高,其它国家也愈来愈深刻地认识到建立自己的卫星侦察系统的重要性。可以预料,卫星侦察技术的掌握与应用将进入一个向高水平、多极化发展的新时期。卫星侦察包括成像侦察、电子侦察、导弹预警和海洋监视四个方面。本文将对国外近年来这四种军事侦察卫星的技术水平和发展现状作一简要介绍,并预测其近期发展趋势。成像侦察卫星 Satellite reconnaissance is the first application of space technology, the fastest growing military science and technology. More than 30 years of practice in the United States and the former Soviet Union / Russia have proved that it is the main means of obtaining strategic intelligence and an important part of the weapon system. Since the 1990s, with the drastic changes in the world pattern, the United States and Russia have paid more attention to the improvement of satellite reconnaissance technologies. Other countries are also increasingly aware of the importance of establishing their own satellite reconnaissance systems. It can be expected that the mastery and application of satellite reconnaissance technology will enter a new era of high level and multi-polarization development. Satellite reconnaissance includes imaging reconnaissance, electronic reconnaissance, missile warning and marine surveillance. This article will briefly introduce the technical level and development status of these four kinds of military reconnaissance satellites abroad in recent years and forecast their recent development trends. Imaging reconnaissance satellite