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本试验所采用的栽培措施有平沟作、盖土、施肥、播量、刈割和冬灌等,采用正交试验和裂区、对比相结合的设计方法,对主要指标均进行统计分析。试验所得初步结果是: 1.在高寒牧区,盖土保护是使紫苜蓿(以下简称苜蓿)安全越冬的可靠措施。平作和沟作对苜蓿越冬率影响甚微,只是在耕作和盖土方式上有所不同,各有其优点。 2.高寒牧区暖季时间短,苜蓿当年幼苗生长矮小,根系发育不健壮。播种当年在秋末青刈对越冬不利。为使根系有较多的养分贮备,增强抗寒性,以利其越冬,播种当年秋末不宜收割青草。 3.冬灌可以大幅度提高苜蓿越冬率,是在高寒牧区促进苜蓿越冬的重要措施之一。 4.高寒牧区在苜蓿播种当年施入适量速效氮肥,可促进其幼苗生长和根系发育,对越冬有利。 5.在一定范围内播种量与翌年的密度呈直线相关(y=8.3+119.6x),因而播种量应掌握在适宜范围内,便可获得足够的密度,达到定植目的。 6.盖土保护,冬灌和秋末不刈割等措施可使苜蓿提早13——15天左右返青,但各种处理措施对当年生长高度均无明显影响。
The cultivation methods adopted in this experiment are flat furrow, overburden, fertilization, sowing, cutting and winter irrigation. Orthogonal test and split zone were used to compare the design methods. The main indexes were statistically analyzed. The preliminary results of the experiment are as follows: 1. In alpine pastoral area, covering soil protection is a reliable measure to ensure the safety of purple clover (hereinafter referred to as alfalfa) overwintering. Pingzuo and ditch have little effect on overwintering rate of alfalfa, but differ in the way of tillage and overburden, each with its own advantages. 2. Alpine pastoral warm-season time is short, alfalfa seedling growth is short, root development is not robust. Sowing year in late autumn green moulting disadvantage overwintering. In order to make the root more nutrient reserves, enhance the cold resistance, in order to facilitate its wintering, sowing the end of the autumn should not harvest grass. Winter irrigation can significantly increase the overwintering rate of alfalfa, is one of the important measures to promote alfalfa overwintering in the alpine pastoral area. In alpine pasturing area, alfalfa sowing the appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer can promote its seedling growth and root development, which is beneficial to overwintering. 5. Within a certain range of seeding rate and the next year’s density was linear (y = 8.3 + 119.6x), so the seeding rate should be within the appropriate range, we can get enough density to achieve colonization purposes. Covering soil protection, winter irrigation and the end of autumn does not cut and other measures can alfalfa back to green about 13-15 days, but all kinds of treatment measures had no significant impact on the growth of the year.