“主语”是大家所熟悉的;而对“话题”,有些人可能比较陌生。美国的霍凯特在1958年撰写的《现代语言学教程》中首先提出了“话题”(topic)这个概念。赵元任先生在所著的《汉语口语语法》中也说“在汉语里,把主语、谓语当作话题和说明来看待,较比合适。”他的这一见解,我国一些著名的语法学家都是同意的,胡裕树和邢福义先生在他们主编的《现代汉语》教材中就认为一部分主语可以看作是话题。目前人们一般认为,“话题”即是讲述的题目,与它相对的“说明”(有人称为“述题”),即是对题目的解释。胡裕树先生在他主编的《现代汉语》(增订本)中有这样的解释:“话题是个广泛的概念,凡是句子 The subject is familiar to everyone, and some may be unfamiliar to the topic. In the 1958 book, “Modern Linguistics,” Huocquet in the United States first proposed the concept of “topic.” In his book, “Chinese Grammar of Grammar,” Zhao Yuanren also said that “in Chinese, it is more appropriate to treat the subject and the predicate as topics and explanations.” His view is that some famous Chinese grammarians Is agreed, Hu Yushu and Mr. Xing Fuyi in their editor of “modern Chinese” textbook that part of the subject can be seen as a topic. At present, people generally think that “topic” is the topic to be narrated. The “explanation” (some people call it “the title”) as opposed to it is an explanation of the topic. In his recent edition of Modern Chinese (updated edition), Mr. Hu Yushu explained this: "The topic of conversation is a broad concept. All sentences