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目的探讨3年来麻疹的流行、临床及实验室检查的特点,以期更好的预防和治疗麻疹。方法对东莞市人民医院自2003年6月至2006年1月收治的265例麻疹的流行病学及临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果从4个月的婴幼儿至48岁的成年人均有麻疹发病,以6个月至3岁年龄组发病率最高,占56.2%。城镇儿童麻疹疫苗接种率明显高于农村和外来工的儿童。所有病例均有发热,多在38～39℃之间。成人麻疹多为不典型,并发症多,以腹泻较常见。麻疹抗体IgM检测阳性率为86.4%。结论婴幼儿仍为目前麻疹的高发人群,在春夏季节,密切接触者发病率高。加强农村和外来工的儿童麻疹疫苗接种工作尤为重要和迫切。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of measles over the past three years in order to better prevent and treat measles. Methods The epidemiological and clinical data of 265 measles cases in Dongguan People’s Hospital from June 2003 to January 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Measles was found in infants from 4 months to 48 years old, with the highest incidence of 56.2% in the 6-month to 3-year age group. Measles vaccination rates for urban children were significantly higher than those for rural and migrant workers. All cases have fever, mostly between 38 ~ 39 ℃. Mostly adult measles atypical, more complications, diarrhea is more common. The positive rate of measles antibody IgM was 86.4%. Conclusion Infants and young children are still the high incidence of measles at present. In spring and summer, the incidence of close contacts is high. It is particularly important and urgent to strengthen the measles vaccination efforts against children in rural areas and migrant workers.