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基于三维、不可压、定常N-S方程和k-ε双方程湍流模型,采用有限体积法对3种不同设计方案在运行时速为160km/h的集装箱专用平车(以下简称平车)在有、无横风情况下的气动性能进行分析与比较,其中:方案一的平车无端墙,侧梁侧面平直;方案二和三的平车均加有端墙,且侧梁加高、侧面形状分别为钝形和弧形。研究结果表明:在无横风情况下,方案一中没有端墙,迎风面积较小,受到的气动阻力最小,方案二和三中平车有端墙,迎风面积较大,受到的气动阻力也较大;有横风情况下,方案三中平车侧梁较高,车体迎风面正压区较大,而背风侧产生较大的涡流区,在此区域内压力较小,故其横向力较大,方案一中平车侧梁没有加高,受到的横向力最小;方案一中平车倾覆力矩最小,稳定性最好。因此,在有、无横风情况下,方案一中平车的气动性能均比其他2种设计方案的平车的优。
Based on the three-dimensional, incompressible, steady-state Navier-Stokes equations and the k-ε two-equation turbulence model, finite volume method was used to test the three types of container-specific flat trucks with three different designs at operating speeds of 160km / h Wind performance of the case of cross-wind analysis and comparison, including: a flat car without a flat side of the program, side beams straight side; plan two and three of the flat car are end wall, and the side of the beam elevation, the side shape respectively For blunt and curved. The results show that in the case of no cross wind, there is no end wall in scheme one, and the windward area is smaller and the aerodynamic resistance is the smallest. In schemes two and three, Zhongping car has an end wall with a larger upwind area and the aerodynamic drag Larger; with crosswind, Scenario 3 Zhongping car side beams higher body windward positive pressure zone larger, while the leeward side of the larger swirl zone, the pressure in this area is small, so the horizontal The force is larger, and the sidecar of sidecar in plan one is not raised, and the lateral force received is the smallest. In plan one, the overturning moment of sidecar is the smallest and the stability is the best. Therefore, with and without transverse wind, the pneumatic performance of the plan 1 Zhongping car is superior to that of the other 2 designs.