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Apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral infections.In this study,we investigated the cell death processes during productive HHV-6A infection and the underlying mechanisms.Annexin V-PI staining and electron microscopy indicated that HHV-6A is a strong inducer of apoptosis.HHV-6A infection decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential and led to morphological changes of mitochondria.The cell death was associated with activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of DNA repair enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase,which is known to be an important substrate for activated caspase-3.Caspase-9 was activated significantly in HHV-6A-infected cells,whereas caspase-8 was not activated obviously.Moreover,HHV-6A infection upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl-2.This is the first demonstration of mitochondrion-mediated,caspase-dependent apoptosis in HHV-6A-infected cells.
Apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral infections. This study, we investigated the cell death processes during productive HHV-6A infection and the underlying mechanisms. Annexin V-PI staining and electron microscopy indicated that HHV-6A is a strong inducer of apoptosis induced by mitochondrial transmembrane potential and led to morphological changes of mitochondria. The cell death was associated with activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of DNA repair enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, which is known to be important substrate for activated caspase-3.Caspase-9 was activated significantly in HHV-6A-infected cells, while caspase-8 was not activated obviously. Moreover, HHV-6A infection upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl- of mitochondrion-mediated, caspase-dependent apoptosis in HHV-6A-infected cells.