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一、问题的提出全日制普通高级中学教科书《物理》(必修加选修)第三册第73面中,为了说明核能,举了下面这个实例:“中子和质子结合成氘核时,质量亏损Δm=0.004 0×10~(-27)kg,根据爱因斯坦的质能方程,放出的能量为:ΔE=Δmc~2=((0.0040×10~(-27)×(2.9979×10~8)~2)/1.6022×10~(-19))eV=2.2 MeV.”在该页面右边的旁批中有:“中子质量:m_n=1.6749×10~(-27)kg,质子质量:m_p=1.6726×10~(-27)kg,中子和质子的质量和:m_n+m_p=3.3475×10~(-27)
I. Proposal of the Problem In the 73rd surface of the third volume of the full-time regular high school textbook “Physics” (required for elective amendments), in order to illustrate nuclear energy, the following example is cited: “When a neutron and a proton are combined into a deuterium core, the quality is depleted. Δm=0.004 0×10-27 kg. According to Einstein’s equation of mass energy, the energy released is: ΔE=Δmc~2=((0.0040×10~(-27)×(2.9979×10~8 )~2)/1.6022×10~(-19))eV=2.2 MeV.” In the side-by-right list on the right of this page are: “Neutron mass: m_n=1.6749×10-27 kg, proton mass: M_p=1.6726×10~(-27) kg, the mass sum of neutrons and protons: m_n+m_p=3.3475×10~(-27)