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多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是浆细胞恶性增生性疾病。近年其发病率有增长趋势,在血液学恶性病中约占10％。本病引人注目的免疫学特征是血/尿出现异常的单克隆Ig,即M-蛋白。M-蛋白在氨基酸组成及顺序上十分均一,在电泳图象上呈一条狭窄、浓密的蛋白带。现知,M-蛋白不仅是MM病因研究的重要线索,它与MM的许多病理损伤和临床表现亦有密切关系。M-蛋白的测定和分型对MM的早期诊断、疗效观察和预后判断等都有重要的参考价值。本文结合文献对MM作一较全面的介绍,重点是MM有关M-蛋白血症的问题。
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignant proliferative disease. In recent years, its incidence has increased, accounting for about 10% of hematological malignancies. The striking immunological feature of this disease is the abnormal monoclonal Ig / M-protein in blood / urine. The M-protein is very homogeneous in amino acid composition and order, presenting a narrow, dense protein band on the electrophoretic image. Now know, M-protein is not only an important clues to the study of the cause of MM, it is also closely related to many pathological lesions and clinical manifestations of MM. M-protein determination and typing of early diagnosis of MM, the efficacy of observation and prognosis have important reference value. This article combined with the literature on the MM for a more comprehensive presentation, focusing on the issue of MM-related M-leukemia.