赫尔岑的创作中包含着审丑意识,这主要包括三个方面:一是指社会之丑,即指出了社会环境和社会历史的癫狂性是造成人物心理变态等精神疾病主要原因;二是对文化沙化之丑的描写。专制统治下文化的沙漠化给整个社会各阶层特别是新一代青年人,带来极大的心灵毒化,使他们变得更加自私自利、孤傲冷漠,以及感情的粗鄙化和思维的简单化;三是政治的功利化之丑。政治已不再是启蒙所希冀的实现“理性王国”的单纯和浪漫,而变得非常实用与功利,作者对欧洲大革命失败后的政治现实进行了深刻的反思和检讨,对诸如自由主义、民主主义、民粹主义、无政府主义、民族主义、爱国主义、社会主义等意识形态学说,以及巴枯宁、蒲鲁东、穆勒和欧文等人的政治主张,均展开了批判,显示了作者深刻的思想深度和睿智的政治智慧。 Herzen’s creation contains the sense of ugly appreciation, which mainly includes three aspects: one is the ugly of the society, that is to say, the insanity of the social environment and social history is the main reason of mental illness such as psychology of people’s psychology; Describe the ugly culture of the sand. The cultural desertification under the authoritarian rule has brought great spiritual poisoning to all sectors of society, especially to a new generation of young people, making them more selfish, indifferent and indifferent, as well as the simplistic feelings and simplistic thinking. Third, It is the ugly utilitarian of politics. Politics is no longer the pure and romantic enlightenment that hopes to realize the “rational kingdoms” but has become very practical and utilitarian. The author conducted a profound reflection and review on the political reality after the defeat of the European Revolution, , Democratism, populism, anarchism, nationalism, patriotism and socialism, as well as the political opinions of Bakunin, Proudhon, Mill and Owen, all of which have shown the author’s profound Depth of thought and wisdom of political wisdom.