刑事被害人权利的保护救济成为完善刑事诉讼制度领域的一个重要问题。但是,在司法实践中,刑事被害人获得的刑事附带民事赔偿经常得不到兑现。本文从建立国家补偿制度的理论基础、域外立法状况以及我国司法实践中的探索等方面,探讨建立我国的刑事被害人补偿制度的初步设想。 The protection and relief of the rights of criminal victims has become an important issue in the field of improving the criminal procedure system. However, in judicial practice, criminal incidental civil compensation obtained by criminal victims often can not be honored. This article from the establishment of the theoretical basis of the state compensation system, the state of extraterritorial legislation and the exploration of judicial practice in China to explore the establishment of China’s criminal victim compensation system, the initial idea.