目的:探索红细胞分布宽度(RDW)与ICU院内感染的相关性。方法:根据2001年卫生部颁布的医院感染诊断标准,筛选出2011年1月至2013年12月在ICU住院发生院内感染的224例患者,与同期在ICU住院未发生院内感染的患者232例,收集相关临床资料[年龄、性别、既往合并高血压、冠心病史、慢性病(APACHEⅡ)评分、住院时间、预后]及RDW等实验室指标(连续收集入ICU前三天的实验指标取平均值),分析RDW与院内感染发生的相关性。结果:与对照组RDW(12.18±1.08)%相比,院内感染组RDW(13.52±2.01)%明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,RDW是院内感染的独立预测因素(OR=4.75,95%CI:3.27~6.91,P<0.01)。RDW界值为12.81%,RDW的ROC曲线下面积为(0.76±0.02)%,95%CI:0.71~0.80,诊断院内感染的敏感性为56.65%,特异性为85.75%。结论:RDW与ICU院内感染独立相关,是ICU院内感染的独立预测因素。 Objective: To explore the correlation between RDW and ICU nosocomial infection. Methods: According to the diagnostic criteria of nosocomial infection issued by the Ministry of Health in 2001, 224 patients with nosocomial infections in the ICU from January 2011 to December 2013 were screened out, and 232 patients with nosocomial infections were found in the ICU during the same period. Relevant clinical data (including age, sex, previous history of hypertension, history of coronary heart disease, APACHE II score, length of stay, and prognosis) and laboratory parameters such as RDW were collected (averaged over the first three days of continuous collection into the ICU) , Analyze the correlation between RDW and nosocomial infection. Results: Compared with RDW (12.18 ± 1.08)% in control group, RDW in hospital infection group was significantly higher than that in control group (13.52 ± 2.01)%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RDW was an independent predictor of nosocomial infection (OR = 4.75, 95% CI: 3.27-6.91, P <0.01). The RDW cutoff was 12.81%. The area under the ROC curve of RDW was (0.76 ± 0.02)%, 95% CI: 0.71 ~ 0.80. The sensitivity and specificity of RDW were 56.65% and 85.75% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: RDW is independently associated with nosocomial infections in the ICU and is an independent predictor of nosocomial infection in the ICU.