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本文旨在梳理西班牙现代精神之父奥尔特加的宪政理论与国家学说,主要围绕其三大杰出理论贡献,即欧洲一体论、大众民主与区域自治,从历史根源、制度落实以及在价值层面引发的思考,展开分析。其中,涉及关于西方的没落、现代民族国家的悖论、自由主义民主以及宗教分裂主义危机的诸多讨论。最后,综述奥尔特加的宪政思想对于当代西班牙、伊比利亚美洲乃至整个西方世界的影响,进一步阐述贯穿奥尔特加思想始终的融合精神、历史视角及民族情怀对于当代中国的可能启示。
The purpose of this article is to sort out the constitutional theory and state theory of Ortega, the father of modern spirits in Spain, and mainly focus on the contribution of three outstanding theories: European oneness, mass democracy and regional autonomy, from historical reasons, system implementation and value aspect Triggered thinking, expand the analysis. Among them are many discussions about the decline of the West, the paradoxes of modern nation states, liberal democracy and the crisis of religious separatism. Finally, the author summarizes the influence of Ortega’s constitutionalism on contemporary Spain, Ibero-American and even the entire Western world and further expounds the possible enlightenment of contemporary Odomga’s thoughts of integration, historical perspectives and national feelings.