正始时期,中国学术思想发生了重大的转折和变化;此前重在名法、名理之学,此后则转尚玄学。此前尚实,名辩之学,是对形而下的具体名实关系的研究,以循名责实;此后由实返虚,从有名到无名,进入形而上的本体论的探求。曹魏时期这种学术思想的变化,是以正始年代为分水岭的。学术思想由尚实到崇虚,既影响到当时文士的思想和政治生活,也反映到诗乐理论中来。正始时期诗乐理论崇虚的变化,首先体现在阮籍、嵇康的乐论上。他们都是以自然为音乐的本体,为审美的归宿,都意在超越有限、追求无限,以无限反观并服务于有限。两者还包含有对精神自由的追求和理想人格本体论的建构。两人都援道入 At the beginning of the Zheng dynasty, great changes and changes took place in Chinese academic thought. Prior to this, emphasis was placed on the study of famous laws and famous theories, and then on the metaphysics of Shang dynasty. Prior to this, the famous scholarship is a study of the specific relationship between the name and reality of the metaphysics, to follow the name of compulsory; since then, from name to nameless, into the metaphysical ontology of exploration. The change of this academic thought in the Wei and Wei Dynasties is based on the beginning of the era as a watershed. Academic thinking from being real to Chongxu not only affects the literati’s thought and political life, but also reflected in the poem and music theory. The change of Chongxu’s theory of worship of Chongzheng in the beginning of period is firstly reflected in the music theory of Ruan Ji and Ji Kang. All of them are based on the nature of the music as the body, the end of the aesthetic, are intended to go beyond the limit, the pursuit of infinity, with unlimited reflection and limited service. Both also include the pursuit of spiritual freedom and the construction of ideal personality ontology. Both help