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本文以190柴油机球铁曲轴为例,简要分析了在曲拐平面内作用于连杆轴颈上的载荷谱,论述了单拐曲轴被简化为简支梁后与实际支承状态之间的差别,由此引入约束系数的概念,并提出了约束系数的实测结果;并且根据实验给出了实体曲轴的疲劳强度图。在此基础上,提出了按照载荷谱、约束系数和疲劳强度图,来确定单缸机曲轴在特定工况下安全系数的评价方法。这种评价方法在概念上比目前流行的方法要严格,计算结果也更近于实际。
In this paper, a 190 diesel ductile iron crankshaft is taken as an example to briefly analyze the load spectrum acting on the connecting rod journal in the plane of the crankcase. The difference between the single crank shaft and the actual supporting state after simplified as a simple supported beam is discussed. The concept of restraint coefficient is introduced and the measured result of restraint coefficient is put forward. And the fatigue strength diagram of real crankshaft is given according to the experiment. On this basis, the method to determine the safety factor of a single-cylinder crankshaft under certain working conditions is proposed according to the load spectrum, the restraint coefficient and the fatigue strength diagram. This method of evaluation is conceptually more rigorous than the current one, and the result is closer to reality.