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本文引用反应工程学原理,讨论炼钢炉中熔渣(S)与金属(M)接触的四种基本方式的脱磷作用。认为对流方式(SM)作用最强,熔渣混入金属方式(S→M)次之,金属粒混入熔渣方式(M→S)又次之,而固定界面方式(S—M)的作用最慢。转炉脱磷反应是多场所、多种接触方式同时进行的,脱磷能力是各种方式之总和。为了提高转炉的脱磷能力,一方面要改善热力学条件,另一方面要改善动力学条件。根据不同的原料条件和不同钢种的要求,在节约能源的前提下,应选择不同的转炉炼钢工艺,以取得最佳经济效果。吹炼低磷生铁以頂吹转炉为宜(大型炉可加底吹氩);吹炼中磷生铁可用LDBS法(底吹氩);吹炼高磷生铁如产品以高碳钢种为主,可选用OLP法外加底吹氩,如以低碳钢种为主,且能源富裕,可选用LWS喷粉法。
This paper refers to the principles of reaction engineering to discuss the dephosphorization of four basic ways of contact between molten slag (S) and metal (M) in a steelmaking furnace. The effect of convection mode (SM) was the strongest, followed by slag mixed with metal (S → M), followed by slag mixed with metal (M → S), while the effect of fixed interfacial mode SLOW. Dephosphorization reactor is a multi-site, a variety of contact at the same time, dephosphorization capacity is the sum of various ways. In order to improve the converter dephosphorization ability, on the one hand to improve the thermodynamic conditions, on the other hand to improve the kinetic conditions. According to different raw material conditions and the requirements of different types of steel, under the premise of saving energy, different BOF steelmaking processes should be selected to achieve the best economic results. Blowing low-phosphorus pig iron to the top of the converter is appropriate (large-scale furnace can be added at the end of blowing argon); phosphorus pig iron blowing available LDBS (bottom blowing argon); blowing high-phosphorus pig iron products such as high-carbon steel-based, Optional OLP plus argon blowing at the end, such as low-carbon steel-based, and energy-rich, the choice of LWS dusting method.