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C~4ISR系统的由来 C~4ISR系统是由C~2系统逐步演变发展而来的。50年代,美军首先提出了C~2,即指挥与控制。60年代在此基础上增加了通信内容,成为C~3,通信成为指挥控制的基础。70年代中期美军又提出C~3I(Command,Control,Communication,Intelligence)概念,I指的是情报。随着计算机的广泛应用,到80年代末,各军兵种分别建立了各自的C~4I系统(比C~3I多的一个“C”指的是计算机,以强调计算机在C~3I中的作用)。海湾战争后,鉴于C~4I系统在历次实战中存在的问题,又提出了以信息管理为基础的综合C~4I(IC~4I)系统的概念,表明要进行一体化建设,要实现互联、互通、互操作、资源共享的网络体系结构。到90年代中期,又将监视和侦察(Surveillance and Reconnaissance)纳入IC~4I系统,成为综合C~4ISR系统,即一体化的C~4ISR系统。
The origin of C ~ 4ISR system C ~ 4ISR system evolved from C ~ 2 system. In the 1950s, the U.S. military first proposed C ~ 2, that is, command and control. On the basis of the 1960s, the content of communications was increased, becoming C ~ 3, and communication became the basis of command and control. In the mid-1970s, the U.S. military also proposed the concept of C ~ 3I (Command, Control, Communication, Intelligence). I refers to intelligence. With the widespread use of computers, by the end of the 1980s, armies of various branches established their own C ~ 4I systems (one more “C” than C ~ 3I refers to a computer to emphasize that computers in C ~ 3I The role of). After the Gulf War, in view of the existing problems of C ~ 4I system in previous actual combat, the concept of integrated C ~ 4I (IC ~ 4I) system based on information management was put forward. It shows that to realize integrated construction, Interoperability, interoperability, resource sharing network architecture. By the mid-1990s, surveillance and surveillance (Surveillance and Reconnaissance) were integrated into the IC ~ 4I system to become an integrated C ~ 4ISR system, an integrated C ~ 4ISR system.