一、引言:统购统销与合作化1953年,随着大规模经济建设的启动,我国粮食的供求矛盾日趋严重,时任政务院副总理的陈云提出了实行粮食统购统销的政策主张,并被中央采纳。同年10月,中共中央作出了《关于实行粮食的计划收购与计划供应的决议》。随后,油料、棉花、烤烟、苎麻、甘蔗、茶叶、生猪、水产品等几十种产品被相继纳入统购统销的范围,一个庞大的统购统销体系逐渐形成。 I. Introduction: Monopoly for Purchase, Marketing and Cooperation In 1953, with the start of large-scale economic construction, the contradiction between the supply and demand of grain in our country was aggravating day by day. Chen Yun, then deputy premier of the State Council, put forward the policy of implementing the monopoly of purchasing and selling monopoly grain and was adopted by the Central Government . In October of the same year, the CPC Central Committee made the “Resolution on Planned Purchase and Supply of Planned Grain.” Subsequently, dozens of products such as fuel oil, cotton, tobacco, ramie, sugar cane, tea leaves, live pigs and aquatic products were successively included in the scope of the state monopoly for purchasing and marketing. A huge system of unified purchasing and marketing system was gradually formed.