目的:观察龙丹生血颗粒对化疗药物导致模型大鼠外周血细胞下降的治疗作用,为新药研发与临床应用提供实验依据。方法:采用尾静脉注射5-氟尿嘧啶复制化疗后外周血象下降大鼠动物模型。造模第10天采血,进行血液学检查。挑选外周血血小板(PLT)较正常约50%以上的大鼠随机分为模型组、白介素-11组、升血小板胶囊组和龙丹生血颗粒大、中、小剂量组。各组每天给药1次,连续16d,末次给药4h后,由尾部采血,进行血液学检查;取股骨骨髓做骨髓涂片,检查骨髓原巨、幼巨、颗粒巨、产板巨和裸核巨细胞数量。结果:龙丹生血颗粒大、中剂量组对实验动物外周血PLT有提升作用;龙丹生血颗粒各剂量组对实验动物外周血红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)减少有治疗效果(P<0.05)。龙丹生血颗粒大、中剂量组原巨、幼巨、颗粒巨、裸核与模型组比较,有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:龙丹生血颗粒对5-氟尿嘧啶导致的外周血PLT、WBC、RBC减少有治疗作用,并能增加实验动物骨髓原巨、幼巨数与促进产板巨核细胞增殖。 OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Longdan Shengxue Granule on the decline of peripheral blood cells induced by chemotherapeutic drugs in rats, and provide experimental evidence for the development and clinical application of new drugs. Methods: The rat model of peripheral blood descent was induced by 5-fluorouracil tail vein injection after chemotherapy. Blood was collected on the 10th day of model making for hematology examination. Selected more than 50% of peripheral blood platelets (PLT) than normal rats were randomly divided into model group, interleukin-11 group, ascending platelet capsule group and Longdan Shengxue Granule large, medium and small dose group. Each group was administered once a day for 16 consecutive days, after the last administration for 4 hours, blood samples were taken from the tail and hematological examination was performed. The bone marrow of the femur was used for bone marrow smears, and the bone marrow giant juvenile, giant juvenile, Nuclear giant cell number. Results: The Longdan Shengxue Granule large and medium dose group had a positive effect on the PLT in the peripheral blood of experimental animals. Each dose of Longdan Shengxue Granule had a therapeutic effect on the reduction of peripheral blood red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) in experimental animals (P <0.05 ). Compared with the model group, the contents of Longdan Shengxue Granules in the large and middle dose groups were significant (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: Longdan Shengxue Granule can reduce the PLT, WBC and RBC in peripheral blood caused by 5-Fluorouracil and increase the number of giant bone marrow and juvenile bone marrow in experimental animals and promote the proliferation of plate megakaryocytes.