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为探索柿杂交F_1代叶片表型性状的分离规律,分析柿杂交F_1代的叶表型遗传变异特征,采用子代性状离散描述、相关性分析和聚类分析等统计学方法对柿品种‘富有’(♀)ב赤柿’(♂)杂交F_1代的57棵单株叶表型14个数量性状和5个质量性状的多样性进行研究。14个数量性状的变异系数为6.87%~42.78%,其中叶片干重变异系数最大,叶片含水率变异系数最小;14个数量性状均分布于双亲之间,且具有较好连续性的正态分布趋势。5个质量性状的Shannon-Weinner多样性指数为0.912~2.224,平均值为1.466,其中叶片形状遗传多样性最丰富,叶片姿态丰富度最低。14个叶表型性状在F_1代的中亲优势率为-38.16%~3.00%,其中的11个性状的中亲优势值为负值,且F_1代未形成超亲优势。19种性状产生的171对相关性中分别有44对相关性达到极显著水平(P<0.01)和13对达到显著水平(P<0.05),其中质量性状与数量性状之间多呈负相关关系。系统聚类将F_1代的57棵单株在遗传距离为12.5处分为Ⅰ和Ⅱ2个类群,在6.5处将Ⅰ、Ⅱ2个大类各分为2个亚类,聚类结果充分反映各类群的特征。柿杂交F_1代叶表型性状变异丰富,其中14个数量性状表现出比较广泛的分离特征,5个质量性状均具有较丰富的多样性。
In order to explore the separation rules of phenotypic traits in F_1 generation of persimmon hybrids, the leaf phenotypic variation characteristics of F_1 generation in persimmon hybrids were analyzed. By using statistical methods such as discrete description of offspring characters, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, The leaf phenotypic traits and the diversity of five quality traits of 57 single plant F1 hybrids were studied. The coefficient of variation of 14 quantitative traits ranged from 6.87% to 42.78%, with the highest coefficient of variation of leaf dry weight and the lowest coefficient of variation of leaf water content. The 14 quantitative traits were distributed between parents and had a good continuity of normal distribution trend. The Shannon-Weinner diversity index of five quality traits ranged from 0.912 to 2.224 with an average value of 1.466. Among them, the leaf shape was the most abundant in genetic diversity and lowest in leaf posture. The phenotypic traits of 14 leaf phenotypes were -38.16% -3.00% in F_1 generation, among which, 11 of the 11 traits had negative parental value, and no super-parental advantage was found in F1 generation. Of the 171 pairs of correlations, 44 of the 19 traits had significant correlations (P <0.01) and 13 pairs of significant correlations (P <0.05), with a negative correlation between QTLs and quantitative traits . Cluster analysis The 57 F_1 plants were divided into two groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ at a genetic distance of 12.5. At a scale of 6.5, the two groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were divided into two subgroups. The clustering results fully reflected the diversity of each group Characteristics. The phenotypic traits of F1 generation in persimmon hybrids varied greatly. Among them, 14 quantitative traits showed relatively broad segregation characteristics, and all 5 quality traits had rich diversity.