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目的 研究荧光原位杂交技术（ＦＩＳＨ） 在检测异常染色体中的应用价值及其意义。方法 用ＦＩＳＨ方法和染色体Ｇ分带技术对比观察急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ） 患者染色体的变化。结果 对３８ 例患者１７ ，１８ 和２１ 号染色体进行Ｇ分带技术检查，结果分别有１１，１３ 和１８ 例患者细胞染色体存在三倍体细胞。ＦＩＳＨ 检查结果，除上述病例发现三倍体细胞外，染色体Ｇ分带检查正常者中也有部分病例存在三倍体。结论 ＦＩＳＨ检测异常染色体，方法简便、灵敏、可靠，与常规细胞遗传学方法比较，ＦＩＳＨ 方法不需要培养细胞，对分裂期和分裂间期细胞均可进行基因定位检测，尤其在有核细胞少等不适于进行细胞遗传学分析的情况下，ＦＩＳＨ 方法仍可得到有意义的数据。
Objective To study the application value and significance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in detecting abnormal chromosomes. Methods Chromosomal changes in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were observed by FISH and chromosome G banding techniques. RESULTS: G-banding was performed on chromosomes 17, 18, and 21 in 38 patients. The results showed that there were 11, 13 and 18 patients with chromosome triploid cells. FISH findings, in addition to triploid cells found in the above cases, were also triploid in some cases with normal chromosome G banding. Conclusions FISH detection of abnormal chromosomes is simple, sensitive, and reliable. Compared with conventional cytogenetic methods, FISH does not require cultured cells, and it can perform gene mapping assays for both dividing and interphase cells, especially in nucleated cells. FISH methods can still yield meaningful data in the absence of cytogenetic analysis.