以田野考古为标志的中国考古学自20世纪初诞生以来,已经走过了80多个年头。经过几代学者的不懈努力,到20世纪结束之前,基本建立起中国主要地区新石器时代和历史时期的考古学文化发展谱系和时空框架。目前,中国考古学研究的重心正处于由原来的建构文化谱系、描述文化过程为主的文化史研究,向人、社会、资源和环境及其相互关系为主的社会考古学 Chinese archeology, symbolized by field archeology, has been in existence for more than 80 years since its birth in the early 20th century. Through the unremitting efforts of several generations of scholars, by the end of the 20th century, the pedigree and space-time framework of archeology and cultural development in the major Neolithic and historical periods in China have been basically established. At present, the focus of Chinese archeology research lies in the cultural archeology which is mainly composed of the original pedigree of cultural construction, the description of the cultural process, and the human history, society, resources, environment and their interrelationships