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目的测定湿热环境训练组与空白对照组运动后血钾、钠离子浓度和白细胞计数,探讨运动后上述指标变化与机体对湿热环境习服的关系。方法选取某大学59名年龄18～23岁的男性健康志愿者,随机分为训练组30人、对照组29人,清晨空腹抽取上肢静脉血,测定血中的钾、钠离子浓度和白细胞计数;训练组进行为期6周的湿热环境体能训练,对照组未进行任何训练,随后对两组人员进行湿热环境下的踏步与负重跑运动测试,并于次晨取上肢静脉血测定钾、钠离子浓度和白细胞计数。结果训练前两组人员的血中钾、钠离子浓度和白细胞计数均无统计学差异;运动测试后,对照组血钾浓度相比训练组较训练前的基础值升高(F=9.27,P=0.0035);训练组、对照组的血清钠浓度在运动测试后均较训练前基础值升高,而对照组升高则更明显(F=366.46,P<0.0001);较训练前的基础值对照组白细胞总数相比训练组升高(F=10.20,P=0.0023);在白细胞分类计数中,运动后的中性粒细胞绝对计数和比例升高(F=12.25,P=0.0009;F=9.45,P=0.0032),其他白细胞成分的变化不明显。结论湿热环境下体能习服训练有利于提高机体运动及调节能力。
Objective To determine the serum potassium, sodium ion concentration and white blood cell count after exercise in wet-heat environment training group and blank control group, and to explore the relationship between the changes of these indexes and body temperature and humidity after exercise. Methods A total of 59 male healthy volunteers aged 18 to 23 years from a university were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into training group (n = 30) and control group (n = 29). Blood samples were collected from the upper extremity venous blood in fasting morning, The training group was subjected to six weeks of physical and chemical training in hot and humid conditions, while the control group did not perform any training. Subsequently, the two groups were tested for treadmill and weight-bearing running in a hot and humid environment. The upper limb venous blood was taken for determination of potassium and sodium ion concentrations And white blood cell count. Results There was no significant difference in serum potassium, sodium ion concentration and white blood cell count between the two groups before exercise. After exercise test, the serum potassium concentration in the control group was higher than that before training (F = 9.27, P = 0.0035). Serum sodium concentration in training group and control group was higher than baseline before exercise, but higher in control group (F = 366.46, P <0.0001). Compared with the baseline value before training The total number of leukocytes in the control group was higher than that in the training group (F = 10.20, P = 0.0023); in leukocyte classification, the absolute counts and the proportion of neutrophils after exercise increased (F = 12.25, P = 0.0009; 9.45, P = 0.0032). The changes of other white blood cells were not obvious. Conclusion Physical fitness training in hot and humid environment is conducive to improve the body’s movement and ability to regulate.