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针对一般编制输沙模数图所存在的问题,提出了一种主要基于侵蚀量加权平均绘制输沙模数图的方法。利用1956～1987年152个水文站输沙资料和其他相关数据,将各水文站观测数据插补延长到同样的长度,通过侵蚀量加权空间插值制作了长江上游输沙模数分布图。交叉检验结果显示利用本文方法得到的输沙模数插值结果要优于直接插值法的结果。所绘制的输沙模数图显示长江上游高产沙区主要集中于两个条带:一个是从北向南沿陇南和川滇山地延伸,另一个是从秦巴山地向东南,过川中丘陵北部,至黄陵背斜。同时,该图也揭示出在低产沙区存在局部高产沙斑块或条带;在高产沙区则存在局部低产沙斑块。充分反映了长江上游强烈的产沙空间变异性。
Aiming at the problems existing in the compilation of sediment transport modulus maps, a method of drawing sediment transport modulus maps based on the weighted average of erosion rates is proposed. Based on the data of sediment transport at 152 hydrological stations from 1956 to 1987 and other related data, the interpolation of observation data of hydrological stations was extended to the same length. The distribution pattern of sediment yield in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River was made by weighted spatial interpolation of erosion quantities. Cross-test results show that the sediment transport modulus interpolation results obtained by this method are better than the direct interpolation method. The plot of sediment yield shows that the high-yield sand area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is mainly concentrated in two bands: one stretches from north to south along Longnan and Sichuan-Yunnan mountains, the other extends from Qinba Mountain to southeast, To Huangling anticline. At the same time, the figure also reveals the presence of locally high-yielding patches or bands in the low-yielding sand areas and the local low-yielding sand patches in the high-yielding sand areas. It fully reflects the strong spatial variability of sand production in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.