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同位素示踪法(又称同位素标记法)是利用放射性核素作为示踪剂对研究对象进行标记的微量分析方法。这种方法把放射性同位素的原子参到其他物质中去,让它们一起运动、迁移,再用放射性探测仪器进行追踪,就可知道放射性原子通过什么路径,运动到哪里了,是怎样分布的。通过研究细胞内的元素或化合物的来源、组成、分布和去向等来了解细胞的结构和功能、化学物质的变化、反应机理等。用于示踪技术的放射性同位素一般是用于构成细胞化合物的重要元素,如~3H、~(14)C、~(15)N、~(18)O、~(32)P、~(35)S、~(131)I等。同位素示踪法不仅是生物学常用的技术,而且也是高考命题的重要背景材料,在历年的高考试题中经常能见到它的身影。
Isotope tracer method (also known as isotope labeling method) is the use of radionuclides as tracers to trace the study of micro-analytical methods. This method of radioactive isotope atoms into other substances to go, let them move together, migrate, and then use radioactive detection equipment to track, you can know the path through which the radioactive atoms, where the movement, is distributed. By studying the origin, composition, distribution and orientation of elements or compounds in cells, we can understand the structure and function of cells, the changes of chemical substances, the reaction mechanism and so on. Radioisotopes used in tracer technology are generally important elements used to make cellular compounds such as ~ 3H, ~ (14) C, ~ (15) N, ~ 18, O, ~ 32 P, ) S, ~ (131) I and so on. Isotope tracer method is not only a commonly used technology in biology, but also an important background material for the college entrance examination proposition. It can often be seen in college entrance examination exams over the years.