在有水份和氧气(空气)的条件下,氯离子能使混凝土中的钢筋产生氧化,加快其腐蚀速度。存在于混凝土中的氯化物至少有二种表现形式:结合形式和活动形式。活动形式氯化物通常也可称为水溶性氯化物,一般可将硬结混凝土中这类形式的氯化物溶于热水中,再测出其含量。而结合形式氯化物亦可与水溶性氯化物一起,利用硝酸将其从硬结混凝土中提取出来。 In the presence of moisture and oxygen (air), chloride ions can oxidize the steel in the concrete and accelerate its corrosion rate. There are at least two manifestations of chlorides present in concrete: bound and active forms. The active form of chloride may also be referred to as a water-soluble chloride. Generally, such forms of chloride in hard-concrete concrete are dissolved in hot water and the content thereof is measured. The bound form of chloride can also be extracted from hardened concrete with nitric acid together with a water-soluble chloride.