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1952年12月26日,文化部在《关于整顿和加强全国剧团工作的指示》中明确提出:“戏曲剧团应建立导演制度,以保证其表演艺术上和音乐上逐步的改进和提高。”~①此后,全国大多数省份的剧团纷纷建立起导演制度,同时戏曲导演制的建立又是在充分借鉴外国话剧导演制度的基础上进行的。可以说,戏曲剧团导演制的建立不仅是一种时代的需要,而且还是对于中国戏曲进行推陈出新的变革中实现“洋为中用”方针的一个重要体现。
On December 26, 1952, the Ministry of Culture explicitly stated in the “Directive on the Work of Rectifying and Reinforcing National Troupe”: “The opera troupe should establish a director system so as to ensure gradual improvement and improvement in performing arts and music.” Since then, the theater organizations in most provinces of the country have set up the director system in succession. At the same time, the establishment of opera director system is based on the reference of foreign directing directors. It can be said that the establishment of the director’s theater system of the opera troupe is not only an era’s demand, but also an important manifestation of the principle of “using foreign affairs as a medium” in the reform of Chinese traditional opera.