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目的了解2010-2014年唐山市病毒性肝炎流行态势,掌握其流行特征及影响因素,为制订和调整病毒性肝炎防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对唐山市2010-2014年43 083例病毒性肝炎病例的相关资料进行统计分析。结果唐山市2010-2014年共发生病毒性肝炎病例43 083例,死亡7例,年均发病率117.23/10万,病死率0.02%;乙型肝炎发病最多(35 182例,81.66%),甲型肝炎最少(645例,1.50%);10岁以下儿童发病最少,占总病例数的0.70%;男女发病比1.32∶1;农民发病率明显高于其他职业;发病无明显的季节高峰,其中2月发病数最多;经血液传播的乙肝和丙肝发病率明显高于粪-口传播的发病率。结论病毒性肝炎防治应以乙型肝炎为重点,在做好甲肝、乙肝疫苗常规免疫的基础上,加强对重点地区、重点人群的免疫接种工作;同时有针对地采取综合性防控措施,以遏制病毒性肝炎的发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of viral hepatitis in Tangshan City from 2010 to 2014 and to grasp its epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors so as to provide a scientific basis for the formulation and adjustment of prevention and treatment measures of viral hepatitis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 43 083 cases of viral hepatitis from 2010 to 2014 in Tangshan City. Results A total of 43 083 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Tangshan from 2010 to 2014, with 7 deaths and an average annual incidence of 117.23 / lakh, with a case fatality rate of 0.02%. The incidence of hepatitis B was the highest (35 182 cases, 81.66%). The incidence of hepatitis was the least (645 cases, 1.50%). The incidence of children less than 10 years old was the least, accounting for 0.70% of the total number of cases. The incidence of males and females was 1.32:1. The incidence of peasants was significantly higher than that of other occupations. February incidence of most; blood transmission of hepatitis B and hepatitis C incidence was significantly higher than the incidence of fecal - oral transmission. Conclusion Hepatitis B should be the focus of prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis. On the basis of routine immunization of hepatitis A and B, we should strengthen the immunization work in key areas and key populations. At the same time, we should take comprehensive prevention and control measures Contain the occurrence of viral hepatitis.