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目的 调查黑龙江省绥化市庆安县山地和平原地区小兽体表寄生恙螨和恙虫病东方体的感染情况。方法于2013年9月利用夹夜法捕获小兽,鉴定种类并梳检小兽体表恙螨,对恙螨种类进行鉴定并计算恙螨指数;无菌解剖小兽肝、脾等脏器,低温保存,提取其DNA,采用巢氏PCR扩增恙虫病东方体56 k D表面蛋白基因。结果 共捕获小兽107只,包括啮齿目和食虫目共9种;农村居民区室外以黑线姬鼠为主,室内仅捕获褐家鼠和小家鼠;农田以黑线姬鼠为主,林区以黑线姬鼠和朝鲜姬鼠为主;小兽体表共检获恙螨1 164只,包括高丽新恙螨、东方纤恙螨、日本新恙螨和亚中纤恙螨;林区的棕背鼠平恙螨指数最高,为65.50,大仓鼠、红背鼠平和花鼠次之,分别为58.13、22.86和24.00;距林区较远的农田和居民区小兽体表未发现恙螨。山区大仓鼠和朝鲜姬鼠各1只经PCR恙虫病东方体核酸检测阳性。结论 庆安县小兽及其体表恙螨种类与东北北部其他地区类似,鼠类中检出恙虫病东方体,该地区是新发现的恙虫病流行疫区,应开展人群流行病学调查和监测。
Objective To investigate the infection of chigger mite and tsutsugamushi in small mammals in the mountainous and plain areas of Qing’an County, Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province. Methods In September 2013, the small mammals were captured by the method of clip-nocturnal night, the species were identified and combed for chigger mites. The species of chigger mites were identified and the chigger mite index was calculated. Aseptically dissected small intestine liver, spleen and other organs, Cryopreservation, DNA extraction, the use of nest PCR amplification of tsutsugamushi oriental 56 kD surface protein gene. Results A total of 107 small beasts were captured, including 9 species of rodents and 2 orders of insects. Rodents and Rattus norvegicus were mainly found in rural residential areas, In the forest area, Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus nasalis dominated mainly. A total of 1 164 chigger mites were detected in the small behemoths, including chigger mites, oriental chiggers, Japanese chigger mites and chinchilla, Of brown-backed rats had the highest CHT index of 65.50, followed by the large hamster and red-backed mice (58.13, 22.86 and 24.00, respectively); no significant differences were observed in farms and residential small mammals far away from the forest Mite One large mountain hamster and one North Korean Apodemus were detected by PCR. Conclusion Small mammals and their surface chigger mites in Qing’an are similar to the other parts of northeastern North China. Rhesus tsutsugamushi is detected in the rodents. This area is a newly discovered epidemic area of scrub typhus. Epidemiological investigation and monitoring of the population should be carried out .