山茶花(Camellia japonica L.),又名耐冬、曼陀罗树,山茶科、山茶属,常绿小乔木或灌木,是著名的观赏植物。原产我国,分布滇、川、粤、浙、闽等省.树皮灰褐色,叶互生、草质、倒卵形或椭圆形,长5～10厘米,宽2.5～6厘米,短钝渐尖,基部楔形,叶柄长8～15毫米;叶面深绿色有光泽,背面黄绿色平滑无毛,边缘有细锯齿形。花两性,单生或对生于叶腋、枝顶;花型大近无梗,花瓣5～6片;花色变化不一,有红、白、淡红等,在 Camellia japonica L., also known as winter, mandala tree, camellia, camellia, evergreen small trees or shrubs, is a famous ornamental plants. It is native to China and is distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian, etc. The bark is tawny, with alternate leaves, grassy, ​​obovate or oval, 5 to 10 cm long and 2.5 to 6 cm wide, Basal wedge, petiole 8 to 15 mm; leaf surface dark green shiny, yellowish green smooth glabrous, margin serrulate. Flowers bisexual, solitary or on the leaf axils, branches; flowers large sessile, petals 5 to 6; color varies, red, white, pink, etc., in the