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用金属原料制造机器零件,铸造工序有着极其重要的地位,一般机器的铸件约占整体重量的45～80％以上。目前,铸件生产大都是采用砂型铸造的,先根据零件的形状,用木材或铝合金等制成相同的模型,放入由上、下两半合成的砂箱中,填充型砂并捣实,然后分开砂箱,拔出模型,再重新合上砂箱,使形成一个具有空腔的铸型,最后浇入熔化的金属,经凝固冷却后便获得与模型相同形状的铸件。砂型铸造虽然有许多优点,但
The use of metal raw materials to make machine parts, the casting process has an extremely important position, the general machine castings account for about 45 to 80% of the overall weight. At present, most of the castings are produced by sand casting. First, according to the shape of the parts, the same model is made of wood or aluminum alloy. It is placed in a sand box that is composed of upper and lower halves and filled with sand and compacted. The sand box was separated, the model was pulled out, and the sand box was closed again to form a mold with a cavity. Finally, the molten metal was poured and solidified and cooled to obtain a casting of the same shape as the model. Although sand casting has many advantages,