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为了探讨南雄烟区植烟沙泥田土壤改良新途径,采用盆栽方法研究了沙泥田土掺不同比例紫色土后土壤的理化性质和相关酶活性的变化规律。结果表明:当沙泥田土掺混10%~50%的紫色土后,土壤的砂粒含量逐渐下降到11.57%,粉粒含量逐渐上升到62.19%,土壤质地由壤土逐渐变为粉砂壤土,pH值从微酸性逐渐变成弱碱性;氧化还原酶类酶的活性逐渐增强,水解酶类酶活性则逐渐减弱,微量元素含量(钼除外)逐渐降低,中量元素交换性钙和交换性镁含量分别比对照(A1)增加了313%和37.1%;当沙泥田土掺混30%紫色土时,全钾和缓效钾含量分别比对照(A1)高出50%和69.2%,但其它养分含量有不同程度下降;相关分析结果表明,土壤酶活性受到土壤养分和中微量元素含量的影响,过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、酸性磷酸酶和中性磷酸酶活性与pH值、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、全钾和速效钾等养分含量均达到显著或极显著相关水平;有效铜、有效锌、有效硼、交换性钙和交换性镁含量与过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和中性磷酸酶活性均达到显著或极显著相关水平;通过主成分分析得出沙泥田土掺混10%紫色土后的土壤因子综合主成分分值最高,掺混效果最好。
In order to explore a new approach to soil improvement in tobacco sands paddy soil in Nanxiong tobacco field, pot experiments were conducted to study the changes of physico-chemical properties and relative enzyme activities of sandy soil with different proportions of purple soil. The results showed that when sand soil was mixed with purple soil of 10% ~ 50%, the content of sand decreased to 11.57% and the content of powder increased gradually to 62.19%. The soil texture gradually changed from loam to silty loam, pH The value gradually changed from slightly acidic to weakly alkaline; the activity of oxidoreductase gradually increased and the activity of hydrolytic enzyme gradually decreased, the content of trace elements (except molybdenum) decreased gradually, the amount of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium (A1) increased 313% and 37.1%, respectively. When the sandy soil was blended with 30% purple soil, the content of total potassium and slow-acting potassium were 50% and 69.2% higher than that of the control (A1) The results showed that the soil enzyme activities were affected by soil nutrients and trace elements contents. The activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase, acid phosphatase and neutral phosphatase were correlated with pH value, organic matter, The contents of total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium reached significant or extremely significant correlations. The contents of available copper, available zinc, available boron, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were significantly correlated with catalase, Peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and neutral phosphorus Activity were significant or highly significant correlation level; Comprehensive principal components obtained after the mud soil factors Land purple soil blending 10% of the highest score by the principal component analysis, the best blending.