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有机酸(Organic acids)的种类很多,其分子组成中一般都含有一个或几个-COOH 原子团,称为羧基(Carboxyl)。例如乙酸CH_3·COOH,丙酸C_2H_5COOH 和苯甲酸(亦称安息香酸C_6H_5COOH 等都含一个羧基,草酸COOH·COOH 则由二个羧基组成,所以这种有机酸类是很容易认识的。但是有机酸类中也有不合羧基的,例如乙磺酸C_2H_5SO_3H(ethyl sulphonic acid),而石炭酸C_6H_5OH 和苦味酸C_6H_2(NO_2)_3OH 的组成,却更像醇类(醇类都含一个或几个羟基Hydroxyl)而不像酸类,所以有机酸正和无机酸相同,不很容易作一个确切的定义的。
There are many kinds of organic acids, which usually contain one or more -COOH radicals in their molecular structure, called Carboxyl. For example, acetic acid CH 3 COOH, propionic acid C 2 H 5 COOH and benzoic acid (also known as benzoic acid C_6H_5COOH etc contain a carboxyl group, oxalic acid COOH COOH by the two carboxyl groups, so the organic acids are very easy to recognize .However, organic acids Classes such as ethanesulfonic acid C 2 H 5 SO 3 H (ethyl sulphonic acid), while the composition of carbolic acid C 6 H 5 OH and picric acid C 6 H 2 (NO 2) 3 OH are more like alcohols (alcohols contain one or more hydroxyl groups) Unlike acids, organic acids are the same as inorganic acids and are not easily definitively defined.