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温度对雌配子体选择较困难,研究报道较少。为探究温度对雌配子体基因型的选择作用,分别用高温和低温处理孕穗期和开花期的杂交组合群体(合系41A/‘小麻谷’、合系42A/‘小花谷’),并授予‘南34’花粉,共产生22个F1雌配子体基因型选择群体及其后代F2分离群体。对种植于3个不同海拔环境的这些群体的6个形态性状进行分析,结果显示:温度差异对水稻F1雌配子体基因型具有选择作用,并影响到F2代表型的遗传分离;高温35℃的选择作用大于低温16℃,开花期选择作用大于孕穗期;低温处理的选择群体,种植在海拔2 200 m和1 860 m的结实率高、但整体长势较差,而高温处理的选择群体长势较强、但结实率低。此外,海拔差异对各世代群体的表型有影响,其中1 860 m海拔的影响最小。本研究结果为利用温差对雌配子体选择育种提供一定的参考。
Temperature on the female gametophyte selection more difficult, less research reports. In order to explore the effect of temperature on the genogroup selection of female gametophytes, the combinations of booting and flowering hybrid combinations (line 41A / line 42A / ’flower valley’) were bred at high temperature and low temperature, respectively, Southern 34 pollen, a total of 22 F1 female gametophyte genotypes were selected and their offspring F2 segregating population. Six morphological traits of these populations planted at three different altitudes were analyzed. The results showed that temperature difference had the effect on the genotypes of F1 female gametes and affected the genetic segregation of F2 phenotype. The selection of 35 ℃ The effect was greater than the low temperature of 16 ℃, and the effect of flowering stage was greater than that of the booting stage. In the low temperature treatment group, the seed setting rate was higher at 2 200 m and 1860 m, but the overall growth was poor, while the high temperature treatment selection group grew stronger , But low seed set. In addition, the difference in elevation affected the phenotypes of all generations, with the least effect of elevation of 1860 m. The results of this study provide some references for the selection breeding of female gametophytes using temperature difference.