确定高温作业工作地点气象卫生标准或对热环境进行卫生学评价是一个比较复杂的问题。因为在生产条件下能够影响机体热平衡的因素很多,如气温、气湿、风速、辐射效以及劳动强度、持续工作时间、接触热源方式(移动或固定)、个体对热环境的适应能力的差异等。因此长期以来,为了找出一种能正确评价热环境的方法和确定一个卫生标准,国内外曾有过大量的研究工作。例如,胜木新次(1951日本)以体温和心率在高温条件下开始明显升高为指标,提出在安静状态时,环境温度限度为32℃;从事肌肉活动,RMR(相对代谢率)=2.0～2.5时,环境温度为31℃,RMR=3.0～3.5时,为30℃。胜木新次,三浦丰彦于1952年 Determining meteorological hygiene standards for workplaces at high temperatures or assessing the hygiene of the thermal environment is a complex issue. Because under production conditions can affect the thermal balance of the body a lot of factors, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation efficiency and labor intensity, duration of work, exposure to heat source mode (mobile or fixed), individuals adapt to the thermal environment differences . For a long time, therefore, a great deal of research has been done at home and abroad in order to find a way to correctly assess the thermal environment and to establish a health standard. For example, Shinko Shinji (1951 Japan) started to raise body temperature and heart rate markedly at high temperature as an indicator that the ambient temperature limit was 32 ° C in resting state and RMR (relative metabolic rate) = 2.0 in muscle activity ~ 2.5, ambient temperature is 31 ℃, RMR = 3.0 ~ 3.5, it is 30 ℃. Shinji new times, Miura Fochiko in 1952