低氧诱导因子(hypoxia-inducible factors,HIFs)是一类介导细胞内低氧反应的核转录复合体。HIF-α和HIF-β形成有功能的异质二聚体。哺乳动物中有HIF-1α、HIF-2α和HIF-3α。HIFs在铁代谢中发挥重要作用。受HIFs调节的铁代谢相关蛋白主要有二价金属转运蛋白1(divalent metal transporter 1,DMT1)、铁转出蛋白(ferroportin 1,FPN1)、十二指肠铁细胞色素b(duodenal cytochrome b,Dcytb)和转铁蛋白受体(transferrin receptor,Tf R)。铁调素(hepcidin)和铁调节蛋白(iron regulatory proteins,IRPs)是调节机体与细胞内铁代谢、维持铁稳态的重要因子,同样受到HIFs的调节。本文综述了HIFs对上述铁代谢相关蛋白的调节作用,以期为治疗铁代谢相关疾病提供可能的靶点。 Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a class of nuclear transcriptional mediators that mediate intracellular hypoxic responses. HIF-α and HIF-β form functional heterodimers. HIF-1α, HIF-2α and HIF-3α are found in mammals. HIFs play an important role in iron metabolism. The iron metabolism-related proteins regulated by HIFs mainly include divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), ferroportin 1 (FPN1), duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb ) And transferrin receptor (TfR). Hepcidin and iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) are important factors that regulate the iron metabolism in the body and the cell and maintain the homeostasis of iron. They are also regulated by HIFs. This review summarizes the regulatory role of HIFs on these iron metabolism-related proteins in order to provide possible targets for the treatment of iron-related diseases.