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现行规范中给出的CO设计浓度对隧道长度、人员不同通行方式的考虑过于粗略,且未考虑海拔高度的影响。本文分析了CO对人体危害的机理,通过Coburn-Forster-Kane模型分析了CO浓度与人体血液中产生的COHb浓度之间的关系,从而得出了公路隧道内经历时间与CO浓度限值之间的关系,并分析了海拔高度、通风方式以及人员不同通行方式对CO浓度限值的影响。通过分析结果可以看出,规范中规定的CO设计浓度在经历时间较长的情况下将不再适用,取值过高,应进行修正。本文分别计算出COHb浓度控制为2%和1.5%时,在不同海拔高度的公路隧道CO设计浓度限值,并整理成表格,可在公路隧道在通风设计中参考使用。
The CO design concentrations given in the current codes take into account too much consideration of the length of the tunnel and of the different modes of passage of personnel and do not take into account the effects of altitude. In this paper, the mechanism of CO on the human body is analyzed. The relationship between CO concentration and COHb concentration in human blood is analyzed by Coburn-Forster-Kane model. The effects of altitude, ventilation mode and different passage modes on CO concentration were analyzed. It can be seen from the analysis results that the CO design concentration specified in the specification will not be applicable for a longer period of time. If the value is too high, it should be amended. In this paper, the CO concentration limits of highway tunnels at different altitudes are calculated when COHb concentrations are controlled at 2% and 1.5%, respectively, and compiled into a table, which can be used for reference in ventilation design of highway tunnels.