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一.前言番茄是自花授粉的蔬菜植物,在多年栽培过程中因长期自交的结果,原先的强大生活能力、良好品质和丰产特性逐渐消失,而成为对外界环境抵抗力弱的了。如前金陵大学园艺试验场的金大2号番茄,为自动封顶的矮生型品种,自引种后连栽培了6年,植株的生活力逐年降低,抗病力削弱了,花的柱头变粗,落去后残留的花柱痕迹极大,使果实呈畸形。先进的米丘林生物科学业已证明,有机体的生活力大小舆生物体的内在矛盾性有关,这种矛盾性首先是由受精时的有性过程中产生的。番茄在长期自花授粉的情况下其後代所以会降低生活力,即因受精过程是长期地在同一植株的同一花朵内的性细胞之间发生的。发生受精作用的性细胞缺乏生物学上必要的差异。
I. Introduction Tomato is a self-pollination vegetable plant. Due to long-term self-fertilization during many years of cultivation, the original strong living ability, good quality and high yield characteristics gradually disappear, and become weak against the external environment. For example, Jinda 2 tomato, a former horticultural experimental field of Jinling University, is a dwarf type with automatic capping. It has been cultivated for 6 years since its introduction and its viability has been reduced year by year. Its resistance to disease has been weakened and its stigma has become thicker , After leaving the great traces of the style of the column, so that the fruit was deformed. Advanced Michurin’s biological sciences have demonstrated that organism’s viability is related to the inherent contradiction of organisms, a contradiction that arises primarily from the sexual process of fertilization. In the case of long-term self-pollination of tomatoes, their offspring will reduce their viability, that is, fertilization takes place over a long period of time between the sex cells in the same flower of the same plant. The cells that undergo fertilization lack the biologically necessary difference.