世界贸易组织(World Trade Orgnization,简称WTO)推动的关税减让谈判使世界贸易朝着自由化的方向迈进了一大步,但世界贸易离自由化的目标还有很长一段距离。除了政府间的关税和非关税壁垒对国际贸易构成障碍外,越来越多的企业限制竞争行为成为了阻碍国际贸易的阴霾,比如限制竞争的协议或协调行为,占市场支配地位的企业滥用其优势地位,以及大规模的企业合并导致过度的经济集中等。这些私人的限制竞争行为 The negotiation on tariff reduction promoted by the World Trade Organization (WTO) has made world trade a major step toward liberalization. However, the goal of liberalization of world trade is still a long way from its goal. In addition to intergovernmental tariffs and non-tariff barriers that constitute an obstacle to international trade, more and more enterprises restrict competition as a haze that hinders international trade, such as restricting competition agreements or coordination behaviors, and dominant market enterprises abuse their Dominant positions, as well as large-scale business mergers, lead to excessive economic concentration. These private restrictions on competition